Essay on LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI

Essay 

Lal Bahadur Shastri

           The wife of Railway Minister of India was a very religious-minded lady. She often used to go to Allahabad for a dip at husband used to tell her to travel by the 3rd class and to purchase a ticket. On her return again the husband used to ask her whether she did so. She always replied "yes". Yet her husband was not free from suspicion. He knew, however high-ranked a Railway officer might be, he will never  dare to ask his Minister's wife to produce the ticket. He also knew women have a tendency for saving money. So, once, while his wife left fir Allahabad by train, the Minister reached there earlier by car, stood in disguise till the  train arrived. He found her wife alighting from a 3rd class compartment and she produced her ticket, at the gate. Then he was fully satisfied. That meticulously honest Railway Minister was Lal Bahadur Shastri, who later became the second Prime Minister of India.

essay on lal bahadur shastri

         Lal Bahadur was born at Mughalsarai of Utter Pradesh on October 2, 1904. Lal Bahadur was born in a poor family. His father Sarada Prasad died when he was only two years old, So, his mother shifted to her paternal house at Mirzapur with Lal Bahadur, his brother and sister. Here, his maternal uncles gladly shouldered the responsibility of the three fatherless children. Lal Bahadur graduated from Kashi Vidyapith in 1925, and was conferred the title "Shastri" for his excellent performance in Hindi.

          Since his youth Lal Bahadur was pained to see the humiliation and  suffering of Indians under British rule. So, he made up his mind to struggle for the independence of India Therefore, he did not  accept any job and became a member of servants of the People's Society, started by Lala Lajpat Ray, for serving the poor and fighting for freedom.

          Lal Bahadur Shastri Joined active politics under the active of Purushottam Dash Tandon, who was then the Vice-President of the Society. That year he was elected as a member of the Allahabad Municipal Council, continued for seven years as a Councillor, and did a lot of developmental works for the people of Allahabad in 1930. Lal Bahadur was elected President of Allahabad District Congress Committee and was in the post till 1936. Within this period he made the Congress Party very active and well-organized.

Lal Bahadur Shastri Essay

          After the Independence of India. Lal Bahadur was taken in as a Caninet Minister and he was allotted the portfolio of Railways. In 1956 there was a serious train accident at Erislus of South India. Hundreds of passengers died. Though he was not directly responsible for that accident, Lal Bahadur felt himself morally guilty for mishap and resigned. He was the first Indian minister to set such a noble example based on moral values. All were amazed. Nehru personally requested him to withdraw his resignation Shastri agreed at last on condition that he will no more be in change of Railways. So he was given the portfolio of Industry and Commerce.

When Nehru died in May, 1964, the problem arose who will be his successor. The then President of Indian Congress, Kamraj proposed the name of Lal Bahadur. All other Agreed.

          As Railway Minister Shastri always put emphasis on the efficiency of the officers and took keen interest for the comfort of the poor. It is for him that 3rd class compartments were provided with electric fans, drinking water taps and other amenities.

          As Prime Minister of India, Lal Bahadur placed the problem of the poor masses above all other problem. He himself used to lead a most simple life. Even when he was Prime Minister, he had no servant. His wife Smt. Lalita used to cook the simple food for her husband daily and wash the utensils. Lal Bahadur expected similar behaviour form his colleagues and the top-ranking officials. He framed a code of conduct for all Central and State Ministers Whereby they had to disclose the entire list of property each of them have and also have to explain, in case of necessity, how he could earn it. He also asked them to keep keen vigilance on the conduct and personal life of top ranking officers. So, corruption in India was remarkably reduced during his Prime Minister-ship.

          It is most unfortunate, that while he went to Tashkent to sign a non-aggression pact with Pakistan, he suddenly expired there on the night of January 10, 1966. It was an unbearable shock and the loss has not yet been fulfilled.

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Essay on Indira Gandhi

          Srimati Indira Gandhi will always be remembered as the first women Prime Minister of India. Her name will be in golden letters in the Political History of India. She is the pride of the entire world.

          Indira Gandhi was born on 21st November, 1917. Her father was Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime minister of India and her mother was kamala Nehru. She was the only daughter of her parents.

essay on indira gandhi

          Nehru family is intimately connected with the freedom struggle of India. Mahatma Gandhi was the anchor of the freedom movement and Nehru was his trusted pupil. The leaders of the freedom movement used to assemble in Ananda Bhavan, the permanent residence of the Nehru family, Therefore from early childhood Indira Gandhi was influenced by those leaders.

          Indira Gandhi had her early education in Switzerland. After the sad demise of her mother she returned to India and studied at Shantiniketan. After some time, she entered into the oxford University, England. But before completion of her studies, she came to India and joined the free movement.

          In 1941 she married Feroz Gandhi against the wishes of his father. But this was approved by Mahatma Gandhi in 1942. Gandhiji started Quit India Movement. Indira Gandhi Joined the same and was Imprisoned.

          On 15th August, 1947 India got Independence. Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of Free India. Indira Gandhi remained near her father always and learnt a lot of things about politics. She traveled a lot of countries with her father and earned a great deal knowledge about foreign Government and people.

essay on indira gandhi

          Gradually politics occupied more time in her life. In 1959 she became the President of the Congress Party. She had to face a great tragedy in 1960. Her husband Firoz Gandhi Died prematurely. But Indira Gandhi was not a lady to be subdued. She engaged herself completely in the affairs of the Nation. In 1964 Jawaharlal died. Lal Bahadur Shastri became the Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi became a minister in Shastri's cabinet. After the death of Shastri in 1966, Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India. Having lost an election case in 1975, she declared emergency and stuck to power. During Emergency there was rampant misuse of power by his son Sanjay Gandhi and the officers. So people became displeased. She lost the election in 1977. Then Janata Dal came to power Morarji Desai was the Prime Minister from 1977 to 1980. In the 1980 General Election the Congress Party came to power and Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister again.

          Indira Gandhi brought a number of reforms in the economic and political fields of the country. Bank Nationalization, Abolition of of privileges and Privy Purses of the ex-Rajas were some of them.She signed the historic Simla pact with Pakistan for settlement of Kashmir problem. At the instigation of Pakistan there was terrorism in Punjab. Indira Gandhi Gave orders for operation Blue star to free the Golden Temple from the clutches of the terrorists. The operation was successful. But the Sikhs became displeased with her. One of her Sikh bodyguards shot her dead on 31st October, 1984 at her residence.

          She was awarded Bharata Ratna by the President V.V. Giri. Her achievements and sacrifice will be remembered by the Nation forever.

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Essay on Netaji Subash Chandra Bose

Introduction:-  Subash Chandra Bose was a great hero of India. He was born at Cuttack in Orissa on 23rd January 1897. His father Janakinath Bose was a famous lawyer. His mother was Pravabati Devi. He was very much devoted to his parents.

Education:-  He completed his school education in Ravenshaw Collegiate School and studied at the Presidency college in Kolkata. He was very clever, intelligent and also meritorious. He was influenced by Swami Vivekananda. After obtaining an honours degree from Calcutta University he went to England to appear at the I.C.S. He came out with success.

essay on Netaji Subash Chandra Bose

Life and work:-  India was then under the British rule. Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-co-operation Movement against the British rule. It attracted Subash Bose. His heart was filled with patriotic feeling. He refused to serve under the foreign rulers. The ideals of Deshabandhu Chittaranjan influenced him much. He joined the National Congress and became its President. Fearing a fierce agitation the British Government imprisoned him.

Achivements:-  As he wanted to launch a different struggle for freedom the elder leaders did not like his revolutionary spirit. He left the congress. He felt that the Indians would never achieve Independence by non-violent means. He wanted to fight directly with the British Government. He was kept in house arrest when the second world war began. But he fled away in disguise. He sought foreign help to make India free. In 1939 he formed the Forward Block.

He reached Germany and organized a National Army in Europe. Then he came to Singapore and formed the Azad Hind Fouz. He established his Azad Hind Government with the help of Japan he came to India. His army fought against the British forces. He hoisted the Freedom Flag at Imphal in Manipur.

Conclusion:-  But it is a matter of regret that Subhas met his untimely death on 18th August 1945 while he was in the plane to Russia. "Jai Hind" was his main slogan. He was well known as Netajee.

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Essay on Jawaharlal Nehru

          One Prime Minister of India was once a visit to Afghanistan History records that many centuries ago there was Hindu civilization in Afghanistan. While there, the Prime Minister like to see the ancient relics of the country. While he was visiting these relics, the ambassador of India at Afghanistan pointed out an ancient monument and said, "Sir, this is a symbol of Hindu culture". The Prime Minister Kept silent. When, near another moment, he said likewise, the Prime Minister lost his temper and bluntly replied. "I do not understand any such thing as Hindu or Muslim culture. I understand only one culture and that is human culture". The Prime Minister who said such an universal mentality and a broad outlook, was out first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.

essay on Jawaharlal Nehru

          Nehru was born with a silver spoon in his mouth. He was the only son of Pandit Motilal Nehru, original a kashmiri Brahmin, but who settled down at Allahabad as an advocate. Fortune favored Motilal. In these days he earned annually in lakhs. So naturally he lead a very luxurious and glamorous life. He was westernized and hence tried to bring up his only son in that manner. At the age of eleven, Jawaharlal was get admitted at Harrow's institute at Cambridge. He graduated from Cambridge and also became a Barrister after completing the course at Lincon's Inn of London.

          The merit of Nehru and the chance of his being educated in England, made him one of the five Indians who are said  to write English better than any Englishman. The other four are Mahatma Gandhiji, Rabindranath Tagore, Sri Aurobindo and Dr. Radhakrishnan. The English books compiled by Nehru, specially, letters from a father to his daughter. An autobiography and brief history of the World, have been highly praised in England and America and have been sold in lakhs.

          Nehru was born on 14_th November, 1889. After being a Barrister he returned to India and started his profession in the Allahabad High Court. He could have earned a lot, due to the fame of his father. But he was not Interested in this profession. His father Pandit Motilal had a clerk named Mubarak Ali. He was an eye witness of the tyranny and treachery of the English men during the Sepoy revolt of 1857. He narrated all he saw and knew to Jawaharlal. This inspired a spirit of  patriotism in him. He wanted to make his mother-land independent, left his profession and joined the Indian National Congress in 1913.

          After the demise of Tilak, the then leader of the Congress and the appearance of Gandiji on the stage, a revolutionary change took place in the Nehru family. Motilal was so much influenced by Gandhiji that he gave up his luxurious life and donated most of his property for the Congress. Like a befitting son Jawaharlal also followed the footsteps of his father. He was the first to join Gandhiji's non-co-operation movement and courted imprisonment. Since then he had been behind the bars many times, but this has never diminished his patriotic urge. Rather, like adding fuel to the fire, each imprisonment made him more determined to earn the independence of India under the leadership of Gandhi, his incessant struggle and endless suffering gained the much cherished goal on August 15, 1947.

Essay on Jawaharlal Nehru2

       
          Apart from patriotism, Nehru had and internally broad outlook. He hated that any nation should subdue another nation. He was a born democrat and hated autocracy. So he sharply criticized the activities of the Nazis in Germany, the Fascists Italy and the army of General Franco in Spain. When after the Second World War, the world was divided into two camps under the influence of two great but mutually anemically countries, Russia and America, Nehru felt it as a danger signal for a third war. So, he along with President Tito of Yugoslavia and President Nasser of Egypt formed a non-aligned camp. Gradually many countries joined this camp and it is undeniable that this saved the world from the destructive effects of a Third World War.

          Nehru was above communal-ism. So, he moved India a secular State. He was very fond of children. So, his birth day that is 14th November, is observed as "Children's Day" all over India. On this day, children are given sweets and meritorious children are awarded prizes.

          Since the achievement of Independence in 1947, Nehru continued as its Prime Minister till May, 1964 when he had to leave this earth for his heavenly abode.

***** essay on Jawaharlal Nehru *****

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Essay on Rabindranath Tagore

           "No poet was more religious than he, no religious person was more poetic than he" was the tribute paid by the internationally reputed Philosopher Dr. Radhakrishnan, and "But for him the Noble Prize would not have come to the east of Suez" was the tribute paid by the world famous scientist Sir C.V. Raman, when they heard that Rabindranath Tagore is no more.

            The tributes of these two intellectual giants are true to each letter. Prior to Rabindranath Tagore, no one from Asia and Africa received the Nobel prize, which is still considered as the highest honour of the world.

          As regards the rewards of Dr. Radhakrishnan if one minutely studies all famous saints and poets, he will realize that such wonderful and unforeseen combination of deep religious feels and exquisite poetic talent can be seen anywhere else.

          Rabindranath was born on 7th may, 1861 in a very aristocratic and rice family of Calcutta. His grandfather was called "Prince" Dwarakanath Tagore for his luxurious and glamorous standard of living. His father Devendranath Tagore also, during his youth led a luxurious life. But while sitting near the death bed of his grandmother, at the bank of the Ganges, suddenly Devendranath saw a torn page. It contained a few lines of the Upanishads which say, "The entire world a enveloped by God. So he satisfied with whatever he has given to you. Do not envy the fate of others."

           These few lines brought a revolutionary change in Devendranath's life. He gave up luxury and led a life of meditation and deep thinking for which he called, 'Maharshi." Rabindranath, as the youngest son of Devendranath inherited these divine qualities if his father even to a greater extent.

essay on rabindranath tagore

          Rabindranath was sent to a European School at the age of six. He studied there up to class vii. But his mentality was entirely different. He felt suffocated by the routine lessons of the School. So, he expressed his feelings to his father. Maharshi Devendranath, who had a keen foresight, realized that this son of his of an entirely different temperament. So, he withdrew him from that school and engaged several highly qualified persons as his private tutors to teach him different subjects.

          Maharshi often used to go to the Himalayas for meditation. He took Rabindranath along with him several times. Though then a boy of ten or eleven years, Rabindranath says, he felt the greatest joy of his life is roaming alone among the forests and hills and enjoying the endless beauty and bounty of nature.

          Rabindranath was a born poet. He started composing poems from the age of seven. Maharshi heard about it. He asked Rabindranath, while he was a boy of thirteen years, to compose a song for the annual function of the Brahmo Samaj which was patronized by Maharshi. Rabinrdanath composed a fine devotional song, the last stanza of which is thus "I know I will get you for ever here and in the other world and there is no bar between our communion." Maharshi was so pleased with the theme of the some, that he presented Rs. 500 to the young poet as a token of encouragement, and recognition of his talent.

           Rabindranath used to compose devotional lyrics in a most unconventional way. So, the then literacy critics of Bengal looked down upon those lyrics, which had deep philosophical significance. this pained Tagore, but he never uttered a word in protest.

          In 1911, Rabindranath had been to England. Here he became friendly with a famous English poet named W.B. Yeats. Yeats asked Tagore to translate some of his poems into English and read it out to him as Yeats did not know Bengali Rabindranath did so. His poems charmed Yeats. He Invited several highly educated persons for a particular date and requested Tagore to read the translation of his poems to all of them. Among the persons present on the occasion were C,F, Andrews, William Peason, Charles Rothenstiene, Edward Thompson, etc. They were amazed to hear his poems so unconventional yet fathomless in philosophical value. They were unable even to praise in words. Next day, Tagore received many letters of praise and respect. Yeats took the Initiative to collect the translations and place it before the committee which selects who deserves Nobel Prize. As a result, Rabindranath was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913. After that, these literacy critics, who once looked down upon his lyrics, started singing in praise of him.

essay on rabindranath Tagore 2

          Tagore is called the "world poet." It is for the universal quality of his poems which is seldom seen. For example, though Hari, Allah and Jehoreh means the same Almighty Power, yet in a poem the mention of Hari makes unfavorable to a non Hindu. But in his devotional poems, Tagore has attributed no particular name to God. He has talked to him as a friend. He has always used "you" or "He." So, people of all faiths and communities have a liking for the poems of Tagore.

          Apart from lyrics Tagore composed about three thousand songs and he himself the tune to each song befitting its theme. Therefore, the songs of Tagore, once heard can never be forgotten.

           Besides that, Tagore composed several novels, a bunch of fine short stories, a few excellent dramas and a large number of deep and thought-provoking essays on various aspects of human life.

          Tagore was a great adviser at the ancient sages. He disliked western type of education. So, he selected a lonely but beautiful place at according to the ideals of the ancient sages a small school named "Brahma Charyasram". It was in 1907. In 1913, when Tagore  received the Nobel Prize, the value of which is more than 10 lakhs of rupees no, he spent the entire amount for this school. Gradually, the school became famous. Even Mahatma Gandhi Visited and appreciated it. So, by 1936 it was converted into a Universal fraternity was and still is he chief aim of Viswa Bharati. Here we find students and teachers from all countries of the world.

          The Unique genius breathed his last on 7th august, 1941. Tagore is no more. But god alone knows how many centuries will past to till the vacuum.

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi

      It was in the year 1909. The place was Salisbury, a large town of South Africa. It was then ruled by the Britishers. But the rulers were sworn racists. They considered nonwhite persons as brutes and behaved with them accordingly. The natives of the country were deprived of many legitimate rights. At that time, an Englishman, who was then the collector of Salisbury, ordered arbitrarily that no black person can drive a bullock-cart on the main roads of the town. Daily he used to find for himself it his order on a horse and hold a whip in his hand. In case he found any black person driving his cart on the main road he used to lash him mercilessly.

essay on mahatma Gandhi

         One day, the collector saw a non-European driving a bullock cart in front of his residence. he got furious, rushed with his whip and lashed the driver for several minutes. But to his surprise the driver neither got afraid nor uttered any sound of pain. Instead, when he stopped lashing the driver asked him in chaste English-"Is it enough, "Are you now satisfied?" This took the Collector aback. Being surprised the Collector asked, "Who are you?" The reply was "I am a Barrister Named Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi." The Collector was ashamed at heart and from that day gave up this barbaric habit. this exceptional capacity of tolerance, firm faith in non-violence and the capacity to change the heart of the wrong-doer, earned the titles of "Mahatma" for him by his countrymen, the Indians. Till today he is regarded as the greatest mass leader and the father of our nation for which he is often called "Bapuji" which means father.

            Gandhiji was born on 2nd October 1869 at Porbandar, a small town of Gujarat. His father Kaba Gandhi was the Diwan of Porbandar and his mother Putli Bai was a very pious lady. Gandhi's character was much influenced by the religiousness of his mother.

             As usual, Gandhi graduated and desired to go to London for being a Barrister. Prior to his voyage to London, his mother made him promise that while in England, he he will neither touch wine nor any kind of non-vegetarian food. Though such a promise very difficult to be fulfilled in a cold and mostly non-vegetarian country like England. Gandhi promised to do so, and in spite of hardships never acted otherwise. This proves his deep respect for truth, which he later expressed in his famous saying, "God is truth and truth is God."

essay on mahatma gandhi 2

         During his stay at South Africa Gandhiji was influenced by the writing of the immortal litterateur Leo Tolstoy, who was a grate exponent of truth and non-violence. So Gandhiji wanted to serve his motherland by such means and came back to India 1914. That year First World war started. The Britishers Promised Dominion Status for India after the world war was over. Gandhiji believed them and helped them as much as he could in that war. But at the end of war in 1919 the victorious British Government took a different attitude and evoded fulfillment of their earlier assurance under vague pleas. This was a great shock for a truth-loving person like Gandhi. He lost all faith in them and determined to make India free by non-violent method. At that time, the Indian National Congress was struggling for freedom of India under the leadership of Balgangadhar Tilak. Tilak expired by end of 1919. Since then Gandhi took up the leadership of Congress to utilize as a platform for earning freedom by non-violence and non-co-operation. Since then, till his martyrdom in 1948, Gandhiji was the supreme leader of the Congress. Even members of political parties who did not believe that freedom could be achieved by non-violence and non-co-operation, had deep regard for Gandhiji and used to come to him for advice.

         Apart from truth and non-violence, Gandhiji was very keen for communal harmony in India. Though the Partition of India pained him most, he had to agree to it for the stubbornness of Jinnah. Gandhiji desired Hindus and Muslims should stay together like brothers. He disliked the untouchability problem, wrote and spoke a lot against it, and named the so-called untouchables as "Harijan" which means the own people of God.

            His attempt for Hindu-Muslim unity and his acceptance of certain illegal demands of Pakistan, enraged a group of communalist Hindus. They wanted to get rid of him. So, while Gandhiji was coming to attend his daily prayer meeting at Delhi, a person named Nathuram Gadse suddenly came forward and shot him thrice. Gandhi fell down uttering "O Ram" and died on the spot. thus he became a martyr like Christ or Buddha. The whole world was shocked to hear the news. All Countries paid high tributes to Gandhiji. Though so many years have passed, yet Gandhiji alone is till the source of inspiration for Indians.

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